(World Mental Health Day) การใช้บุหรี่ไฟฟ้า เกี่ยวข้องกับการใช้ยาเสพติดที่ผิดกฎหมาย และก่อให้เกิดปัญหาสุขภาพจิตและการขาดสติในนักศึกษามหาวิทยาลัย
This study examined the prevalence of e-cigarette use (‘Vaping’) among university students and its associations with psychosocial correlates.
Methods
9,449 students received a 156-item anonymous online survey which assessed the use of e-cigarettes (ever or past year), alcohol and drug use, mental health issues, and impulsive and compulsive traits.
Results
3,572 university students (57.1% female) responded to the survey. The prevalence of past 12-month e-cigarette use was 9.2%, with 9.8% reporting having used more than 12 months ago. E-cigarette use was associated with the use of multiple other drugs (e.g., alcohol, opiates). Those who used e-cigarettes were significantly more likely to have mental health histories of ADHD, PTSD, gambling disorder, and anxiety, report low self-esteem, and endorse traits of impulsivity.
Conclusion
Use of e-cigarettes is common in university students and appears to be associated with a variety of mental health and drug use problems. Clinicians should be aware that certain mental health conditions are more common in e-cigarette users. This study indicates the need for longitudinal research into the effects of chronic nicotine consumption on brain function and mental health, especially in young people, since such effects would be common to conventional tobacco smoking and vaping.
Keywords: cigarettes, nicotine, illicit, drugs, addiction, impulsivity, well-being
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Introduction
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), also known as electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), are a battery-operated product that delivers nicotine via inhalable aerosol generated from a nicotine-containing solution. Using an e-cigarette (known as ‘vaping’) gives a sensation similar to smoking a combustible cigarette by providing taste and inhaling sensations that mimic smoking. E-cigarettes are controversial, especially regarding health consequences of long-term use, whether use may help combustible cigarette smokers to reduce or stop smoking, the extent of carcinogens in e-cigarettes, and the role of these products in initiating and perpetuating nicotine dependence in teenagers and young adults [1–3].
In the United States, 6.1% of young adults use e-cigarettes, versus 1.6% of adults aged 25 years and older [4]. A 2013 study of college students found that 4.9% had used e-cigarettes in their lifetimes while 1.5% reported having used them in the past month [5]. A more recent study of 452 undergraduates attending a large, public university reported that almost 40% of participants reported lifetime use of e-cigarettes [6]. The age of most university students reflects a transition period from adolescence to young adulthood, and as such, these students may be susceptible to developing a variety of unhealthy behaviors, most notably the use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs [7]. Whether e-cigarettes actually reduce conventional cigarette smoking is questionable, with some studies reporting a lower likelihood of abstaining from cigarettes in e-cigarette users [8–9]; as such the use of e-cigarettes may have a number of important public health consequences. There is sparse information, however, on the mental health issues of university students who use e-cigarettes. In two of only a handful of studies to examine other clinical variables associated with e-cigarette use [10–11], e-cigarette use in university students in France (n=1134) and the US (n=1437) was positively associated with use of conventional cigarettes, cannabis use, and binge drinking.
Although touted as innocuous by some, there are health and addiction concerns about the growing use of e-cigarettes in young adults [6, 10–13]. One study has found that risky alcohol use appears to be correlated with use of e-cigarettes, even after controlling for a relationship between e-cigarettes use and cigarette smoking [6]. If we examine the data regarding the use of tobacco products (including e-cigarettes) among young adults, we find that the use of e-cigarettes in those with a mental health diagnosis is associated with greater odds of higher stress, depression, and substance use, particularly marijuana [12–13]. Despite this growing area of research, relatively little is known about the specific associations between e-cigarettes, mental health, and psychosocial functioning.
Another domain of interest in relation to e-cigarette use are the contrasting concepts of impulsivity and compulsivity, which can be measured using convenient short questionnaires including the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), or the Cambridge-Chicago Trait Compulsivity Scale (CHI-T). Impulsivity refers to a tendency towards hasty, risky, inappropriate acts; whereas compulsivity refers to repetitive habitual actions. These concepts are important in frameworks of addictive behaviors [14].
This study sought to examine both the prevalence of the use of e-cigarettes among university students and examine related behaviors and mental health issues. Based on the previous literature, we hypothesized that the use of e-cigarettes would be associated with elevated rates of other substance use (including a range of illicit drug use), mental health issues, trait impulsivity plus compulsivity, and academic impairments compared to students who do not use e-cigarettes.
อ้างอิง: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6420081/
รายงานโดย : ศูนย์วิจัยและจัดการความรู้เพื่อการควบคุมยาสูบ (ศจย.) www.trc.or.th